In this example the SAGDesign (SDT) ore hardness is 10 kWh/t (to grind the ore from F 80 152 mm to T 80 1.7 mm) and the SAG ground Bond Ball Mill Work Index is 15 kWh/t. Table 2 shows alternate equipment selections that will produce 471 t/h, (10,400 t/d and 3.8 million tonnes per annum) at 92% availability.
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"SAG mills are particularly high consumers of energy and, as a result, there has been a push to improve their energy efficiency." One example of this trend is the …
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To quantify the effect of stemming type on SAG mill throughput, two stockpiles were selected just prior to the change and two other stockpiles were selected well after the new stemming practice was introduced. ... The improvements appear to be related to the increased energy efficiency resulting from the use of aggregate stemming in …
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Abstract The authors analyze the influence of the semi-autogenous (SAG) mill parameters on the mill grinding efficiency, energy consumption and the tangential cumulative contact energy. This paper provides a new liner parameter design and optimization method, which offers theoretical guidance for the optimization design of …
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Two new SAG milling models are developed in this work, able to predict power or specific energy consumption, including the usual design variables such as mill …
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Commonly, when the SAG mill stops its operation, the other two ball mills should also halt Fig. 3 outlines the charge motion in the mill. The lifters lift the load and produce cascade and cataracting. ... Increasing energy efficiency and productivity of the comminution process in tumbling mills by indirect measurements of internal …
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minimized for a particular shell lifter, grate open area and pulp lifter combination.
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Autogenous mills are usually less efficient than SAG mills" (Barratt and Allan, 1986); ... In the case of the AG/SAG mill, its specific energy will be a function of ore hardness as. General. The equations used to determine the overall grinding circuit specific energy contain only one circuit specific factor, that being related to whether ...
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Generally, mill rotational speed, charge load as well as lifter height variations reflected well in the mill noise emission. This study supports the use of mill acoustic sensing technique to understand different grinding conditions in AG/SAG mills for improved and continuous process monitoring, energy-efficient milling, and enhanced optimisation.
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Depending on the mill size the SAG mills draws between 2 MW and 17 MW. The product from the SAG mill is further reduced in size using pebble crushers and ball mills. Hence, …
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According to Weerasekara and Powell (2014), the power consumption of a SAG mill is between 12 and 23 MW and its performance (or energy-efficiency) is strongly influenced by the operating conditions of the mill and the ore characteristics (Pourghahramani, 2012), i.e., in the milling process, the involved variables present …
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2. Background. The SAG grinding process has been modeled by various authors, either generating explanatory models of the grinding process, with the aim of modeling, simulating, and optimizing the individual process, as well as integrating it into aggregate processes, such as the mine-to-mill (M2M) paradigm, a practice that has …
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Unfortunately, the energy efficiency in rock blasting is very low.1–4 It has been found that stemming takes a great part in the utilization of explosive energy in rock blasting.1,4–13 For example, field measurements in an underground gold mine8 showed that the high-speed gases carried away much explosion energy through the collars of ...
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Over the past seven years, there have been approximately 40 projects globally working on installations of energy-efficient SER drives. With our SAG mill running at 65.4% critical speed (mill @ 8.7 ...
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in the SAG mill power draw from 3,908 HP to 2,526 HP (2,915 kW to 1,884 kW) was recorded. This equates to a 47% decrease in SAG unit energy consumption from 8.98 kWh/ton to 4.74 kWh/ton. A 11% decrease in SAG mill speed was observed indicating optimized ball strikes. Also, the ball chip generation from the SAG mill was reduced …
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Abstract—The authors analyze the influence of the semi-autogenous (SAG) mill parameters on the mill grinding efficiency, energy consumption and the tangential cumulative contact energy. This paper provides a new liner parameter design and optimization method, which offers theoretical guidance for the optimization design of …
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The HPGR-ball mill circuit was estimated to require 75% of the energy of a standard Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) mill circuit. Even with an anticipated greater capital cost, the HPGR-ball mill circuit was found to give significantly better financial returns in all cases investigated in the feasibility study ( Ballantyne et al., 2016 ).
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A research team from the University of Utah is working to make inroads into saving energy in these SAG mills. In 2003, Industries of the Future Program of the Department of Energy tasked the University of Utah team to build a partnership between the University and the mining industry for the specific purpose of reducing energy consumption in SAG mills. …
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The authors analyze the influence of the semi-autogenous (SAG) mill parameters on the mill grinding efficiency, energy consumption and the tangential …
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The crushing-ball milling circuit specific energy was estimated on the basis of the Bond equation and the relevant Bond work indices (Table 4), with the crushing energy given from the SAG/AG F80 to a nominal product with P80 of 8.0 mm being added to the ball mill energy from F80 of 8.0 mm to the actual P80 of the pilot test, given either …
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In neither application was the HPGR principally chosen for its energy efficiency and almost a further 20 years had to pass before the Mining Industry saw the first full scale HPGR-Ball mill installation at Cerro Verde (Vanderbeek et al., 2006), which was chosen due to the 15% energy saving it provided compared to the SAG-Ball mill …
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The U.S. mining industry operates approximately 80 semi-autogenesis grinding mills (SAG) throughout the United States. Depending on the mill size the SAG mills draws between 2 MW and 17 MW. The product from the SAG mill is further reduced in size using pebble crushers and ball mills. Hence, typical gold or copper ore requires between 2.0 and 7.5 …
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• Bond Rod Mill Grindability Test • Bond Low-Energy Impact Test • Bond Abrasion Test • Modified Bond Ball Mill Test ... SAG mill feed, grate size, open area, classification size, ball diameter or ball ... • Comparison of the efficiency of primary and secondary mill operation to similar plants in our database With our approach, you ...
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A rock breakage test has been developed that can help predict autogenous (AG) and semi-autogenous (SAG) mill performance in situations where only limited quantities of rock samples are available. The test was originally developed to make use of quartered (slivered) core but whole core, half core and lump material can also be used. …
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exhibits many of these aspects. Maintaining the SAG mill weight at the optimum value is critical for achieving maximum grind rate efficiency and mill production (Powell, M.S., van der Westhuizen, A.P., & Mainza, A.N. 2009). However, SAG mill weight is difficult to control as the dynamic response changes as the mill approaches maximum capacity.
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Semi-Autogenous Grinding mills can be optimized for maximum ore throughput or maximum grinding energy efficiency. In both cases, precise control of the mill weight is …
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Online SAG Mill Grinding Pulse Measurement and Optimization. Current semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) and ball mills are inherently inefficient, using less than 1 percent of the …
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In a previous paper (Morrell, 2008a) an approach was described which enabled the specific energy of tumbling mills such as AG,SAG and ball mills to be estimated from laboratory-derived ore characterisation data. ... the pressure to significantly improve comminution circuit energy efficiency over the next 25–30 years will be …
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In AG/SAG-based circuits the need for W s appears to be unnecessary as Fig. 2 illustrates. Primary crusher feeds often have the shape shown in Fig. 2 and this has a very similar gradient to typical ball mill cyclone overflows. A similar situation appears to apply with HPGR product size distributions, as illustrated in Fig. 3.Interestingly the …
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Specific energy model on data of four SAG mills. Models include the variable % −6″ +1″ in the SAG circuit fresh feed. Abstract. Comminution, particularly milling, is on …
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