Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry. Understanding of the chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of steel slag are necessary for its use in sustainable practices. This paper provides an overview of the different types of steel slag that are generated from basic-oxygen-furnace (BOF) steelmaking, electric-arc …
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The hard and dense nature of air-cooled slag makes it suitable for its primary use as aggregates in concrete, asphalt paving, fill and road bases. Almost all granulated blast furnace slag ... (AMFeC). The steel slag (AMSteelC) and slag from two legacy sites (ILSS2, ILSS5) contained slightly less C with concentrations that ranged from 1.5 to 2.7 ...
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1. Introduction. Steel slag is a by-product of the steelmaking process, accounting for about 10%−16% of crude steel production. The accumulation and storage of steel slag can cause serious damage to the environment [1], [2].Based on its superior physicochemical and mechanical characteristics, steel slag can replace natural …
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The slag generated by the steel plant has been utilized to produce submerged arc welding flux. The flux produced by recycling steel slag has been applied in the submerged arc welding process. The effects of recycled slag on the chemical composition, microhardness, and microstructure of weld metal have been evaluated. For …
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Steel slag can nevertheless be utilized for minimizing rainwater infiltration into the slope, as indicated by the pore-water pressure variations and graphs of the safety factor versus time ...
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Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) slag, a product of hot metal element (e.g., Si, Mn, Fe, P) oxidation and flux (e.g. lime, dolomite) dissolution, plays a critical role in the production of high-quality crude steel, although its …
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Steel slag is a solid byproduct of the steelmaking process, widely generated in the metallurgical industry. Due to its alkaline nature and excellent adhesive properties with asphalt, it represents a potential road construction material with outstanding road performance, making it well-suited for utilization in highway construction. This paper …
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Slag is a waste product from the pyrometallurgical processing of various ores. This paper summarizes the mineralogy, geochemistry, and environmental impacts of …
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Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the continuous use of residue yards have led to vast occupation of land resources and caused severe environmental concerns. Steel slag …
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One such byproduct is Steel Slag (SS) generated from Iron and Steel Plants, which pose a significant economic and environmental burden in India. World across, India is the 3rd producer of steel with a production capacity of around 101.4 Million Tonnes (MT) in the year 2017 [ 1, 2 ].
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This paper reviews the production, processing, and characteristics of steel slag, and its use as a cementing component in different cementing systems. The …
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Steel slag is mixed with expansive soil; the friction of the soil increases due to the granular nature of the steel slag (James, et al., 2018). ... Using Steel Slag for Stabilizing Clayey Soil in ...
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1.4.2. The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) The BOF process forms part of the primary steel production route, which also incorporates the BF process. In a BF, the iron ore, limestone and fuel are continuously supplied through the top section of the furnace, while heated air is forced into the lower section (Geerdes, Toxopeus, & Van der fliet, 2009).The end …
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Steelmaking slag, or steel slag, is a by-product from the production of steel during the conversion of hot metal to crude steel in a basic oxygen furnace, or during the melting of scrap in an EAF. ... In Figure 2.2, the expansive nature of blast furnace and steel slag is presented with the variation in the blast furnace–to–steel slag ratio.
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The high crystalline nature of EOF steel slag shows its weak potential for any hydraulic activity that confirms dimensional stability. EOF steel slag does not have any pozzolanic activity, due to its high crystallinity . This is highly attributed to the EOF steel slag's volume stability, which is major quality of aggregate [46,47].
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The porous nature of steel slag results in high water absorption levels of steel slag aggregate, generally between 1% and 2% [30,31]. Steel slag crushed stone is suitable for road material requirements, as it can be used for the road base layer, the surface layer, ...
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Due to the free lime in steel slag, they determined that samples formed of steel slag cracked during the autoclaving process, the samples containing 80% steel slag and 20% silica powder had 23 MPa compressive strength, the samples having 80% steel slag and 20% fly ash had 5.3 MPa, and the samples having 50% steel slag and 50% cement had …
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In a pathway based on energy recovery and resource recycling of glassy blast furnace slag and crystalline steel slag, we show that a reduction of 28.5 ± 5.7% …
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Steel slag is the main solid waste produced in the process of steel-making. Chinese steel slag has the characteristics of large output and low utilization. Most of the …
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To address this concern, steel slag, a byproduct of steelmaking, is used as a partial replacement for fine aggregate to compensate for the loss of strength. Steel slag emerges as a viable alternative as a partial replacement for natural aggregates when the natural aggregate usage in concrete fails to meet the required quantity and quality ...
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Micropulverization of steel slag is an important way to achieve its efficient utilization. Its purpose is to reduce the particle size of steel slag and improve its iron recovery rate. However, the high hardness and poor grindability of steel slag make it constrained by process and cost. Carbon thermal reduction can reduce the phosphorus …
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Steel slag is a byproduct of the steelmaking process and can be categorized based on furnace types into basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS), electric arc furnace slag ... (CA) is widely present in nature; it is a metal enzyme that utilizes a metal-activated hydrogen oxide mechanism for catalysis [159].
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Many restrictions exist, however, on the utilization of steel slag. When steel slag is used internally, in steel plants, the most obvious problem is that of the enrichment of P and S (Drissen et al., 2009).The Bhilai Steel Plant in India was shut down because of its high S and P content (Das et al., 2007).The amounts of free lime and free MgO are …
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Steel slag, which is a by-product produced in the steel industry, is one of those waste materials that attracts the attention of many researchers around the world with its possible application in ...
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For instance, the steel industry creates approximately 2200 kg CO 2 t −1 of steel, which equates to around 12,000 kg CO 2 t −1 of by-product slag (Table 1, column a and Supplementary Notes 1 ...
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Abstract. Steel slag is the main by-product of steelmaking, and its stacking and burying cause serious pollution to soil and water. Meanwhile, the exploitation of gravel is restricted with the implementation of ecological environment protection, resulting in the lack of nature aggregate.
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It has been postulated that rising gas bubbles through the slag drag steel droplets from the bulk steel into the slag 42. Fig. 4: Transmission electron microscopy characterization of Type I slags ...
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The use of slag, which is generated as a by-product in steel production process, as backfill material in coastal structures is of great importance in terms of protecting the nature,...
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where D CO2 (m 2 /s) is the diffusivity of CO 2 species which is a function of temperature 17, δ is the film thickness (m), and k CO2 is the mass transfer coefficient (m/s). According to our ...
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Similar effect of steel slag dosage was also reported in the study of Cd (II) removal by steel slag 36 and vanadium removal by different iron sorbents 40. On the other hand, adsorption capacity (Q ...
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